HBsAb Test: What Is It, How to Test & What Results Mean
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An HBsAb test is blood test ordered to verify a person&#;s immunity against the hepatitis B virus. Hep B immunity can be acquired through vaccination or after having the virus.
The hepatitis B surface antigen (shortened to HbsAb) test is done by collecting a small blood specimen and evaluating whether hepatitis B antibodies are present. It is usually also ordered with HBsAg testing, which looks for active hepatitis B virus antigens in the blood. This test confirms whether the virus is present in the blood and is used for diagnostic purposes.
Once HBsAb levels and other bloodwork is assessed, the doctor can determine whether there is an active infection, and if the patient is presenting with associated symptoms. If a hepatitis B diagnosis is confirmed, the doctor will likely prescribe treatment, which typically involves rest, adequate nutrition and even medication in some cases.
The HBsAb test assesses whether the immune system is producing antibodies that specifically protect the body from the hepatitis B virus. The doctor may order this test to confirm whether you have been immunized against hepatitis B in the past.
It can also be ordered to see whether treatment for an active hepatitis B infection was effective and if a cure was achieved.
An HBsAg test looks for hepatitis B antigens, which will be present if a person is infected with the virus or if they have recently been in contact with it. This test is used to diagnose hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B surface antigens, shortened to HBsAg, are proteins that are present on the surface of the hepatitis B virus cell. HBsAg can be found in the body in the presence of acute or chronic hepatitis. This blood test is usually ordered with the HBsAb test, to look for an active infection and to see if the body has produced an immune response to fight it.
To do an HBsAb test, fasting or prep is not required. A small blood specimen will be collected via venipuncture and sent to the lab for analysis.
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The blood specimen is then tested for antibodies that specifically fight against hepatitis B. These antibodies are naturally formed in the body after coming in contact with the virus or after being vaccinated against Hepatitis B. Having antibodies circulating in the blood will provide longterm immunity.
Results of an HBsAb test will vary depending on the concentration of antibodies found in the blood. Reference values are as follows:
The doctor will evaluate the HBsAb results as well as the HBsAg results when the patient has been diagnosed with hepatitis B. A non-reactive HBsAg result and a reactive HBsAb result indicates that the patient has been cured and that there is no active virus cells circulating in the blood. A person who does not have have hepatitis B but is immune will have a non-reactive HBsAg result, and ab HBsAb concentration over 100 mUI/ mL.
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Hepatitis B is one of the most common causes of cirrhosis and liver cancer. The HBsAb test measures the level of antibodies the body makes to fight this virus. However, there are different interpretations of the results in each specific case scenario. The following knowledge will partly help each person determine their own HBsAb test results.
When your body is exposed to the hepatitis B virus through blood exposure, unprotected sex with someone who has the hepatitis B virus, or even if you have received the hepatitis B vaccine, the immune system will react against it like a foreigner.
The hepatitis B virus has a protein on its surface (antigen) that causes your immune system to produce antibodies. For the hepatitis B vaccine, the antigen sample used contains only the protein instead of the virus itself.
The first response that the specific immune system will perform upon exposure to hepatitis B is to produce the corresponding IgM antibody. These initial antibodies are made against certain parts of the virus including the genetic core within. They are tested for a variety of reactions in the acute phase but are not stable. Accordingly, the antibody levels will gradually decrease and eventually disappear.
Then the immune system switches to start producing IgG antibodies. The work of making these antibodies continues for the rest of life. This way, your immune system is always ready for any attack from the hepatitis B virus when the body is accidentally exposed to it.
In which, HbsAb (abbreviated from Hepatitis B Surface Antibody) is one of the antibodies against the hepatitis B virus. This is an antibody on the surface of the virus, produced by the body's immune system in response. with antigenic proteins on the surface of the hepatitis B virus.
In cases of hepatitis B, HBsAb blood levels are also seen as evidence that your body is recovering. However, in these situations, if HBsAb levels are too low, prevention of recurrent infection is not guaranteed
HBsAb testing is done to look for possible prior exposure to the virus. hepatitis B. In addition, this test is also used to determine if your hepatitis B vaccination has been successful and well maintained, and when to get a booster shot. Bao and you will need to be proactive about hepatitis B vaccination as soon as possible.
How to collect samples for HBsAb testing as well as for common blood tests. This test does not involve eating, taking drugs, exercising or requiring abstaining or preparing anything in advance. At any time of the day, blood can be taken to measure HbsAB levels in particular as well as other viral hepatitis tests in general.
After the sample is collected, a test tube containing your blood will be sent to a laboratory for analysis. Thereby, when doctors receive the results, they will evaluate them depending on the specific situation of each patient.
The values &#;&#;of HbsAb in each situation will be interpreted and applied differently.
4.1. Positive HbsAg Value When HBsAb is positive, it means that your blood already has antibodies against hepatitis B. A high or low level of antibody corresponds to a strong antiviral or anti-viral ability. feebleness.
However, this single result does not indicate where the antibodies in your body came from. If you actively create it thanks to vaccination, in a completely healthy body, with good immune response, the amount of antibodies produced with high to very high concentrations will protect you from virus attack. However, you should not be subjective that you will not have the disease for life, but need to periodically check the HBsAg level. When your body is weakened, the ability to create antibodies gradually decreases, the protection of the body against the risk of viral infection is no longer guaranteed, you need to go for a booster shot to strengthen it.
If this amount of antibodies is obtained after being infected with the hepatitis B virus with acute hepatitis, this is a positive sign because it shows that your body is recovering and is able to make the corresponding antibodies on its own . However, you still need to monitor your HbsAg levels for some time afterward. Because, in most cases, the amount of HbsAg produced by the body itself will not be enough and you still need to be proactive in getting vaccinated.
4.2. Negative HbsAg Value If your HBsAb test is negative, it has many different meanings, but in general you have absolutely no immunity to the hepatitis B virus. In the case of hepatitis tests Your other B - including HBsAg - are negative, which means you are not infected or you are in the very early stages of the incubation period, before the body has time to form antibodies. At this point, if repeated HBsAb tests are still negative, your doctor will recommend vaccination, proactive antibody formation if your daily work has a high risk of exposure. One thing to keep in mind at this time is that even people who are immune to hepatitis B through vaccination are still at risk of hepatitis B virus, if antibody levels drop without booster vaccination, there is still a chance of contracting hepatitis B virus. other viral hepatitis.
However, if the HBsAb test is negative but other hepatitis B tests are positive, it again means that you have an active or chronic infection without the ability to make antibodies. Vaccination against hepatitis B is now pointless. Instead, your doctor will create an anti-viral regimen and long-term monitoring for you, preventing the viral infection from progressing to acute or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer.
In summary, HBsAb is an essential test to evaluate the body's immunity against the hepatitis B virus surface antigen. In this way, we can know if we are infected. or not and whether to be vaccinated or not. Accordingly, this is one of the important tests to help proactively protect yourself against risk factors for blood-borne infections in general.
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